Graph and Tree are completely two different data structures and we should handle both differently. Many times we do not know the basic difference between them and here in this post, we are going to discuss some of the important differences between graph and tree data structure.
Graph Data Structure.
A graph is a data structure that is used to represent a collection of interconnected objects, called vertices or nodes, and the connections between them, called edges.
Example:
Tree Data Structure.
A tree is a specific type of graph that is connected and acyclic with a hierarchical structure.
Example:
Difference Between Graph and Tree.
| Tree Data Structure | Graph Data Structure |
|---|---|
| A tree is a special type of graph in which any two nodes are connected by exactly one path. | A graph, on the other hand, can have multiple paths between two nodes. |
| Trees have a rooted structure with a single node called the root, from which all other nodes are accessible by a unique path. | Graphs do not have a rooted structure. |
| Trees do not have any cycles. | Graphs can have cycles. |
| In a tree, every node can have at most one parent and multiple children. | In a graph, nodes can have multiple parents and children. |
| Trees are commonly used for hierarchical data structures such as file systems, family trees, and organization charts. | Graphs are used for modeling complex relationships and networks such as social networks, transportation systems, and computer networks. |
| We used In-order, Pre-order, or Post-order traversals to traverse the tree. | We used BFS (Breadth-First-Search) and DFS (Depth-First-Search) to traverse the graph. |
Conclusion.
A tree is a specific type of graph with a hierarchical structure, no cycles, and a single root node. Graphs, on the other hand, are more general and can have cycles, multiple roots, and complex relationships between nodes.
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