Python Program to Subtract two Matrices.

Matrix subtraction is a fundamental operation in linear algebra and is often required in various scientific and computational applications. In this article, we'll explore how to subtract two matrices using Python programming.

In matrix subtraction, elements of one matrix are subtracted from their corresponding elements in another matrix of the same dimensions. The result is a new matrix with dimensions identical to the original matrices being subtracted. 

Quick Tip: Ensure matrices have the same dimensions for subtraction (m x n).

Matrix Subtraction Program in Python.

Step-by-step Algorithm:
  • Define two matrices A and B, each represented as nested lists in Python.
  • Create a new matrix to store the result of the subtraction.
  • Subtract corresponding elements of matrices A and B to obtain the elements of the resultant matrix.
  • Use nested loops to iterate through each element in the matrices and perform subtraction.

Python Code:

# Python code for matrix subtraction
def subtract_matrices(matrix_A, matrix_B):
    result_matrix = []
    for i in range(len(matrix_A)):
        row = []
        for j in range(len(matrix_A[0])):
            row.append(matrix_A[i][j] - matrix_B[i][j])
        result_matrix.append(row)
    return result_matrix

# Example usage
matrix_A = [[1, 2, 3],
            [4, 5, 6],
            [7, 8, 9]]

matrix_B = [[9, 8, 7],
            [6, 5, 4],
            [3, 2, 1]]

result = subtract_matrices(matrix_A, matrix_B)
print("Resultant Matrix after subtraction:")
for row in result:
    print(row)
Output:
Resultant Matrix after subtraction:
[-8, -6, -4]
[-2, 0, 2]
[4, 6, 8]
  • Time Complexity: O(m x n) where m is the number of rows and n is the number of columns.
  • Space Complexity: O(m x n) because we need extra space to store the resultant matrix.

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